Ua hoʻomohala nā ʻenekinia ma ke Kulanui o Kaleponi ʻo San Diego i nā pākahi lithium-ion e hana maikaʻi ana i ke anu anuanu a me ka wela wela, ʻoiai e hoʻopili ana i ka ikehu.Ua hoʻokō ka poʻe noiʻi i kēia hana ma ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi electrolyte ʻaʻole hiki ke maʻalahi a paʻa i loko o kahi ākea ākea, akā kūpono pū me kahi anode ikehu kiʻekiʻe a me ka cathode.
ʻO nā ʻōhua pā welaua wehewehe ʻia ma kahi pepa i paʻi ʻia i ka pule o Iulai 4 ma Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Hiki i ia mau pila ke ʻae i nā kaʻa uila i nā piʻi anuanu e holo lōʻihi aku me ka uku hoʻokahi;Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻemi i ka pono o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaha no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻeke pākahi o nā kaʻa mai ka wela nui ʻana i nā piʻi wela, wahi a Zheng Chen, he kumu aʻoaʻo o nanoengineering ma ke kula ʻo UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering a me ka mea kākau kiʻekiʻe o ka noiʻi.
"Pono ʻoe i ka hana wela kiʻekiʻe ma nā wahi kahi e hiki ai i ka wela o ka ambient ke hiki i nā huahelu ʻekolu a ʻoi aku ka wela o nā alanui.I loko o nā kaʻa uila, aia ma lalo o ka papahele nā pahu pākahi, kokoke i kēia mau alanui wela, "wahi a Chen, ʻo ia hoʻi he lālā kumu o ka UC San Diego Sustainable Power and Energy Center.“Pēlā hoʻi, hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā pākaukau mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka holo i ka wā o ka hana.Inā ʻaʻole hiki i nā pila ke ʻae i kēia hoʻomehana i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, e emi koke kā lākou hana. "
Ma nā hoʻāʻo ʻana, ua paʻa ka 87.5% a me ka 115.9% o ko lākou mana ikehu ma -40 a me 50 C (-40 a me 122 F) i nā ʻokoʻa o ka manaʻo.Ua loaʻa iā lākou nā hana Coulombic kiʻekiʻe o 98.2% a me 98.7% i kēia mau mahana, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki i nā pākaukau ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻopiʻi a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ma mua o ka pau ʻana o ka hana.
ʻO nā pākahi a Chen a me nā hoa hana i hoʻomohala ʻia he anu a me ka wela wela no kā lākou electrolyte.Hana ʻia ia me kahi hopena wai o dibutyl ether i hui pū ʻia me ka paʻakai lithium.ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūikawā e pili ana i ka dibutyl ether ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻa ikaika ʻana o kāna mau mole i nā ion lithium.I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, hiki i nā molekole electrolyte ke hoʻokuʻu maʻalahi i nā ion lithium i ka holo ʻana o ka pākaukau.ʻO kēia pilina molecular nāwaliwali, ua ʻike ʻia e nā mea noiʻi ma kahi noiʻi mua, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana pākaukau ma nā mahana sub-zero.Eia hou, hiki i ka dibutyl ether ke lawe maʻalahi i ka wela no ka mea e mau ana ka wai ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe (he wahi paila o 141 C, a i ʻole 286 F).
Hoʻopaʻa i nā kemika lithium-sulfur
ʻO ka mea kūikawā hoʻi e pili ana i kēia electrolyte ʻo ia ke kūpono me ka pā lithium-sulfur, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka pākaukau rechargeable i loaʻa kahi anode i hana ʻia me ka metala lithium a me kahi cathode i hana ʻia i ka sulfur.He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi nā ʻenehana lithium-sulfur o nā ʻenehana pākahi o ka hanauna e hiki mai ana no ka mea ua hoʻohiki lākou i ka nui o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe a me nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa.Hiki iā lākou ke mālama i ʻelua mau manawa ʻoi aʻe ka ikehu o ka kilo ma mua o nā pākahi lithium-ion o kēia lā - hiki iā ia ke pāpālua i ka laulā o nā kaʻa uila me ka ʻole o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha o ka pahu pākahi.Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka sulfur a ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ke kumu ma mua o ka cobalt i hoʻohana ʻia i nā cathodes pākahi lithium-ion.
Akā, aia nā pilikia me nā pā lithium-sulfur.ʻO ka cathode a me ka anode he super reactive.ʻO nā cathodes sulfur ka mea e hoʻoheheʻe ai i ka wā o ka hana ʻana o ka pākaukau.Piʻi aʻe kēia pilikia i nā wela kiʻekiʻe.A hiki i nā anodes metala lithium ke hana i nā ʻano like me ka nila i kapa ʻia he dendrites e hiki ke hou i nā ʻāpana o ka pākaukau, e hoʻopōkole ai.ʻO ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā pākahi lithium-sulfur a hiki i nā ʻumi mau pōʻai.
"Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi pākaukau me ka nui o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka kemika paʻakikī loa," wahi a Chen."ʻO ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe ke ʻano o nā hopena hou aʻe, ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi o ka paʻa, ʻoi aku ka degradation.He hana paʻakikī ka hana ʻana i kahi pākaukau ikaika loa - ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hana i kēia ma kahi ākea ākea.
ʻO ka dibutyl ether electrolyte i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka hui UC San Diego e pale i kēia mau pilikia, ʻoiai ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa.ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola kaʻa kaʻa ma mua o ka pākaukau lithium-sulfur maʻamau."Ke kōkua nei kā mākou electrolyte i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao cathode a me ka ʻaoʻao anode me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka conductivity kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa interfacial," wahi a Chen.
Ua ʻenekinia pū ka hui i ka sulfur cathode i ʻoi aku ka paʻa ma ke kāpili ʻana iā ia i kahi polymer.Mālama kēia i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka sulfur i loko o ka electrolyte.
ʻO nā ʻanuʻu aʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka kemika pākaukau, me ka hoʻonui ʻana iā ia e hana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe aʻe a hoʻonui hou i ke ola pōʻai.
Pepa: “Nā koho koho hoʻoheheʻe ʻia no nā ʻeke lithium-sulfur kūpaʻa wela.ʻO nā mea kākau pū me Guorui Cai, John Holoubek, Mingqian Li, Hongpeng Gao, Yijie Yin, Sicen Yu, Haodong Liu, Tod A. Pascal a me Ping Liu, a pau ma UC San Diego.
Ua kākoʻo ʻia kēia hana e kahi haʻawina Early Career Faculty mai NASA's Space Technology Research Grants Program (ECF 80NSSC18K1512), ka National Science Foundation ma o ka UC San Diego Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC, hāʻawi DMR-2011924), a me ke Keʻena o Nā ʻenehana kaʻa o ka US Department of Energy ma o ka Advanced Battery Materials Research Program (Battery500 Consortium, ʻaelike DE-EE0007764).Ua hanaʻia kēia hana ma kahi hapa ma San Diego Nanotechnology Infrastructure (SDNI) ma UC San Diego, he lālā o ka National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure, i kākoʻoʻia e ka National Science Foundation (hāʻawi iā ECCS-1542148).
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-10-2022