Ke hoʻomau nei ʻo Kina i ka hana koʻikoʻi i ke kaulahao ʻoihana hou-ikaika: nā mea loiloi
ʻO nā loko wai brine ma ka ʻoihana Lithium mine ma Calama, ka ʻāina ʻo Antofagasta, Chile.Kiʻi: VCG
Ma waena o ka ʻimi honua ʻana i nā kumu ikehu hou e hōʻemi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ke kalapona, ua lilo nā pā lithium e ʻae ai i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka ikehu i mea kaulana i nā ʻoihana like ʻole mai nā smartphones a i nā kaʻa uila (EVs).
ʻO Argentina, Bolivia, a me Chile, nā ʻāina hana lithium "ABC" o ʻAmelika Hema, ua hōʻike ʻia e noʻonoʻo ana i nā kulekele hui e hoʻonohonoho i ke kumukūʻai kūʻai aku o ka mineral ma o kahi kuʻikahi like me ka Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), pūnaewele nūhou cankaoxiaoxi. com i hōʻike ʻia ma ka hopena pule, e hōʻike ana i kahi hōʻike mai Agencia EFE.
ʻO ka manaʻolana e hoʻohuli i nā kumukūʻai lithium ma ke ʻano like me ka OPEC i hoʻonohonoho ai i nā pae hana e hoʻohuli i ke kumukūʻai o ka aila ʻaila, wahi a ka hōʻike.
Ma nā laina like, makemake nā kuhina o nā ʻāina ʻekolu e ʻae i nā kumukūʻai a hoʻohui i nā kaʻina hana, a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā alakaʻi no nā hana e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana, ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana, e like me ka hōʻike.
ʻOi aku nā kumukūʻai kūpaʻa
ʻO ke kumu o ka hui lithium e pale aku i ka volatility o ke kumukūʻai, he hopena nui ia i nā mea hoʻolako lithium, ʻo Zhang Xiang, kahi hoa noiʻi ma ka Research Center of Automobile Industry Innovation o ka North China University of Technology, i haʻi aku i ka Global Times ma ka Lāpule.
Hiki paha i kahi hui lithium like OPEC ke hana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kumukūʻai waiwai lithium, ʻo Chen Jia, kahi hoa noiʻi kūʻokoʻa i ka hoʻolālā honua, i haʻi aku i ka Global Times i ka Lāpule.
Wahi a ka International Energy Agency (IEA), hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kaulahao hoʻolako hou i ʻelima mau ʻāpana: ka mining, ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā mea, nā ʻāpana cell, nā pūnaewele a me ka hana ʻana e like me ka hana ʻana o nā EV.
E loaʻa i ka hui kuʻikahi ka mana kūpono i ka upstream o nā ʻoihana hou-ikena - mining, i ʻōlelo ʻia e nā mea loiloi.ʻO Argentina, Bolivia, a me Chile kahi kokoke i 65 pakeneka o nā mālama lithium i hōʻoia ʻia i ka honua, me ka hana ʻana a hiki i ka 29.5 pakeneka o ka nui o ka honua i 2020, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka media.
Akā naʻe, ʻo Kina ka mea i hoʻomalu i ka lalo o ke kaulahao lako hou, e like me ka IEA.ʻO nā kaulahao lako a me nā minerala o kēia lā e hoʻopuni ana iā Kina.Hoʻopuka ʻo Kina i ka 75 pakeneka o nā pākahi lithium-ion āpau ma ka honua.ʻOiai ʻo Kina ka mea kūʻai nui o ka lithium ore, lawe mai ʻo ia i ka 65 pakeneka o kāna meaʻai lithium.Ma kahi o 6 pākēneka o nā mea hoʻokomo lithium carbonate o Kina mai Chile a me 37 pakeneka mai ʻAmelika, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka pāpā.
No laila, ua ʻōlelo pū ka poʻe loiloi ʻoiai hiki i kahi hui lithium ke kōkua i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kumukūʻai a me ka hana ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hui pū ʻana a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻoihana, ʻoi aku hoʻi me Kina, e kūpono i ka paʻa o ka lako honua a me nā kaulahao ʻoihana.
Ka launa pū ʻana o ke kaulahao lako
ʻOiai ʻo nā pākahi lithium ka mea nui o ka EV a me ke kaʻa kaʻa hou (NEV), e hāʻule ke kumu kūʻai o ka lithium i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe e komo i ka mākeke, wahi a Zhang.
"Hiki i ke kuikahi ke komo i kahi kūkākūkā pololei me nā hui EV a me NEV, a hiki i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua ke kūkākūkā ʻaʻole wale i ke kumukūʻai;akā ʻo ke ala hoʻomohala a me nā pono ʻenehana o nā pā lithium i ka wā e hiki mai ana, "wahi a Zhang.
ʻO Kina, ʻo ia ka mea hana NEV nui loa a me ka mākeke kūʻai aku no nā makahiki, e hāʻawi i nā manawa hui nui, wahi a nā mea loiloi.I ka makahiki 2025, manaʻo ʻia ʻo Kina e kūʻai aku i 7.5 miliona NEV, e helu ana no 48 pakeneka o ka māhele mākeke honua, e like me ka IEA.
Ua ʻike ka poʻe loiloi he mea koʻikoʻi ka launa pū ʻana ma waena o Argentina, Bolivia a me Chile me Kina, ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻāina ʻekolu e pili ana i ka 30 pakeneka o ka hana lithium honua, me Australia e helu ana i ka hapa nui o nā ʻāpana i koe.
Lawe pinepine ʻia ka Lithium mai nā paʻakai paʻakai o ʻAmelika Hema ma ke kaomi ʻana i ka brine i loko o nā loko a laila e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka lithium, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wā e mahuka ai ka wai.Pono ka manawa a me ka hoʻolimalima kālā e kūkulu i nā ʻoihana, kahi e hiki ai iā Kina ke lilo i hoa lōʻihi, wahi a nā mea loiloi.
ʻO ke kuʻikahi lithium, inā i hoʻokumu maikaʻi ʻia, hiki ke hoʻohuli i ka mana o ke Komohana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻāina waiwai lithium, i hāʻawi ʻia i ke kūlana alakaʻi o nā ʻāina ʻekolu i mālama ʻia, wahi a Chen.
Akā mau ka maopopo ʻole no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka kuikahi kumu kūʻai lithium, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e nā mea loiloi.
"I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i hōʻea nā kumuwaiwai lithium i ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi o nā kumuwaiwai petroleum.I kēia manawa, ua kāohi ka pilikia o ka ikehu hou i ka hoʻomohala honua o ke kaulahao ʻenehana hou i ka wā pōkole, "wahi a Chen.
Wahi a ka hoa noiʻi, aia nā pilikia ʻenehana kūpono e hoʻohui i ka hana a me nā kulekele ʻoihana ma nā ʻāina ʻekolu.ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mana hana me ka holomua ʻenehana, e like me ka OPEC.
ʻOiai inā hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka pilina lithium, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi koke i ke kumukūʻai o ka lithium ore, i hāʻawi ʻia i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka lithium output, ua haʻi ʻo Bai Wenxi, ka luna hoʻokele waiwai o IPG China, i ka Global Times i ka Lāpule.
Lawe kekahi mea hana koʻu i nā laʻana wai mai kahi wai puna wai ma kahi lua Lithium kūloko ma Calama, ka ʻāina ʻo Antofagasta, Chile.Kiʻi: VCG
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-24-2022